Refuge or predation risk? Alternate ways to perceive hiker disturbance based on maternal state of female caribou
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Refuge or predation risk? Alternate ways to perceive hiker disturbance based on maternal state of female caribou
Human presence in natural environments is often a source of stress that is perceived by large ungulates as an increased risk of predation. Alternatively, disturbance induced by hikers creates a relatively predator-free space that may serve as a refuge. We measured the behavioral responses of female caribou to disturbance associated with the presence of hikers during summer in the Gaspésie Natio...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Ecology and Evolution
سال: 2017
ISSN: 2045-7758
DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2672